Hello EF1234,
You can use your iPhone for international travels, but the Apple Watch doesn't support outside of your cellular carrier's network. This is something you will want to discuss with your carrier, they will let you know if your SIM card will work, and the services you will need for coverage.
For the Apple Watch, look at the article Set up cellular on Apple Watch - Apple Support for more details, but we included the international coverage information below.
About international roaming
• Cellular roaming isn't supported outside your carrier network coverage area.
• To cover the LTE and UMTS bands used around the world, cellular models of Apple Watch come in regional models for the Americas, China mainland, and Europe/Asia Pacific. Unlike iPhone, there isn't a worldwide Apple Watch model that supports all cellular bands used globally.
• When your Apple Watch is connected to your iPhone or a previously joined Wi-Fi network, you can still use all the features of your Apple Watch, even if cellular isn't available.
Find out which carriers in your country or region offer cellular service for Apple Watch.
For your iPhone, here are the articles we believe you will find useful.
These articles should help you be prepared for having what you will need. Reach back out if you have questions.
Safe travels!