You have a 2015 model, that's 7 years old. Definitely could be a failing drive. You also have a mechanical (spinning) internal hard drive, those run extremely slowly under Monterey as they have to be in APFS format, which is poorly suited to mechanical drives (APFS is optimized for SSDs).
https://bombich.com/blog/2019/09/12/analysis-apfs-enumeration-performance-on-rotational-hard-drives
Also the report says performance is "poor":
Performance:
System Load: 1.74 (1 min ago) 1.80 (5 min ago) 1.81 (15 min ago)
Nominal I/O usage: 4.66 MB/s
File system: 134.49 seconds (timed out)
Write speed: 42 MB/s
Read speed: 41 MB/s
Those are very slow numbers. I get 500 MB/s on my iMac late 2015 (which has an internal SSD), and 3000 MB/s on my 2019 MacBook Pro (internal SSD). I would expect at least 150 MB/s from a healthy mechanical drive..
I think running the suite of Microsoft, Adobe and Parallels (VM) applications together would make any computer under Monterey and a mechanical APFS drive unacceptably slow, but on top of that yours appears to be failing.
You can check this yourself by downloading and running DriveDX, run the long, extended test, not just the short test.
Assuming that you confirm that the internal drive needs to be replaced, replacing it with an SSD will speed things up by a factor of 10x or more. I don't know who the technician was that tested it for you, but I would have it tested at an Apple Authorized Service Provider. They can also replace the internal drive for you, if that is what needs to be done.