Why doesn’t Apple take the money from my Apple Account then charge my card? It keeps declining this way.

See -> If your payment method is declined in the App Store or iTunes Store

If your payment method is declined in the App Store or iTunes Store - Apple Support

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Get more help

• If you disputed a charge from the App Store or iTunes Store, contact your financial institution again to authorize that charge and future purchases from the App Store or iTunes Store.
• If you're outside of the United States, you might need to contact your financial institution to allow international purchases.
• In some countries and regions, your payment method might be declined because of changes to local law. Learn about billing and purchases in Europe or what to do if your card is declined in India.
• If you still need help, contact Apple Support.

So I added 10$ to my apple account

And why does it charge my card first.

When redeeming a gift card, the amount will be credited to your (1) Apple ID balance and (2) you need to set your Apple ID balance as your default payment.

1.

See -> Check your Apple ID balance

Check your Apple ID balance – Apple Support (UK)

(2)

Change, add or remove Apple ID payment methods

Change, add or remove Apple ID payment methods – Apple Support (UK)

If you update your payment method or add funds to your Apple ID balance, It would take about 1 to 3 business days in order to process.

👉 If you're still unable to update your payment method, Contact Apple Support.