Wait for an hour to see if the screen will change to allow you to enter your passcode.
If no luck, your only option at this point is to tap Erase and then set the phone up again. If you have a recent backup, you can use that during the set up process.
If your iPhone is running iOS 15.2 or higher........(it appears that it might be).......you can use the instructions linked just below which will not require the use of a Mac or PC:
How to reset your iPhone, iPad, or iPod touch when you forgot your passcode - Apple Support
If you are not sure which operating system is installed on your iPhone, please use the link below, which will require the use of a Mac or PC.
If you forgot your iPhone passcode - Apple Support
If you have a backup of the phone, you can use the backup to restore the data on the phone during the new setup.