I'm having the same issue since updating my iPhone 13 Pro to iOS 16.1.1. About 1/3 of the time Google Maps shows a black screen, 1/3 of the time it shows the map, but doesn't move, and 1/3 of the time it works fine. If I open the Google Maps app on the phone it seems to work fine, but kind of defeats the purpose of CarPlay. It's time for Apple to own up to the glitch and get it fixed.
I've also seem people post about Waze doing the same thing as well as apps such as Spotify. Sounds like Apple is trying to force everyone to use their apps as opposed to the third party apps.