Apple A1502 Trying to Upgrade internal ssd to 1TB

If Disk Utility does not have the "View" option, then it means you are booted into a pre-macOS 10.13 installer (most likely for macOS 10.11 El Capitan). To use an NVMe based SSD requires booting into macOS 10.13+. Try booting into Internet Recovery Mode using Command + Option + R to see whether you can access the macOS 12.x Monterey installer. Unfortunately on some Macs this may still result in the Mac booting to the online installer for the OS which originally shipped with the laptop from the factory which would be macOS 10.11 El Capitan for your laptop.

Unfortunately, this won't help you here since you have not already installed Monterey. The Monterey installer will not install with the third party SSD installed until you first update the laptop's system firmware to be compatible with Monterey. This means you will first need to install Monterey to this laptop with the original Apple OEM SSD installed so it updates the system firmware. Once the system firmware has been updated, then you can install the NVMe SSD and install Monterey to it. Now if you don't want to update the OS on the original Apple SSD, then you could install Monterey to an external SSD while the original Apple SSD is installed internally which will update the laptop's system firmware, but leave the internal OS at 10.13.

You can create a bootable macOS USB installer using the instructions in this Apple article in order to install macOS 10.13 to 11.x on the new SSD:

How to create a bootable installer for macOS - Apple Support

what is needed is access to the Physical device, by its immutable manufacturer-given device name. if you have that access, erase that physical drive and proceed.

This is a screenshot of High Sierra Disk Utility with View all devices active:

this is the abbreviated view starting in High Sierra with view (only) Volumes. it is useless for these purposes.

without the ability to select the PHYSICAL device, you can not make progress.

The "View" option located just above the left pane of Disk Utility is only available with macOS 10.13+. You can see the "View" option in the screenshots provided by @Grant.

Just because you booted into Recovery Mode using Command + R or Internet Recovery Mode using Command + Option + R does not mean you are booted into a macOS 10.13+ online installer. Look to see which OS is listed on the main menu of the recovery mode page to see which specific version of macOS is listed to be installed.

As long as you actually installed macOS 10.13+ on this laptop at some point in the past, then the laptop has the necessary system firmware to work with an NVMe SSD. The only remaining issue regarding the system firmware update is if you want to install macOS 12.x Monterey. To install macOS 12.x Monterey for the first time requires an original Apple OEM SSD installed internally since the Monterey installer will refuse to run if a third party SSD is installed internall if the system firmware needs to be updated. So this means if you want to install Monterey to the new SSD, you must first install Monterey while the original Apple OEM SSD is installed internally in this laptop. You can install Monterey to either the internal or external drive to update the system firmware as long as the original Apple OEM SSD is installed internally. After Monterey has been successfully installed one time, any later reinstall of Monterey can be done with the third party NVMe SSD installed internally.

I only mentioned the Monterey system firmware update issue because if you can boot to the online Monterey installer in Internet Recovery Mode (Command + Option + R), then you won't be able to complete the installation of Monterey while the third party NVMe SSD installed because the Monterey installer insists on updating the system firmware, but will only update the system firmware when the original Apple OEM SSD is installed internally.

You should have no problems installing macOS 10.13, 10.14, 10.15, or 11.x to the third party NVMe SSD assuming the SSD is working & compatible with your Mac (and any SSD adapter is compatible if using an M.2 SSD).