MacBook Pro 2017 Built-In Camera Stopped Working

Hi All,

Yesterday, my built-in FaceTime HD camera quit working mid way through the day. When I open Zoom/FaceTime/Discord/Photo Booth/etc., the green camera light turns on for ~10 seconds, but the application shows a blank black screen for video input. After those ~10 seconds, the light goes off. FaceTime gives an error that there is no camera detected.

I thought it might be an outdated OS bug/security issue, so I updated to Ventura last night, but that did not solve the issue. Today, I've gone through all the steps listed here - If your built-in camera isn’t working on your Mac - Apple Support, and similar help pages. As a last resort, I clean installed my operating system. The camera still does not work.

FaceTime HD Camera (Built in) still shows up when I check About this Mac > System Report > Camera.

When I tried an external webcam, it worked properly, but I would prefer not to have to always carry it around with me.

Any help or insight into the problem would be greatly appreciated!