I have a different related problem that might shed light on what's going on. I'm using a Synology NAS as the NFS server, and got it working on older Macs (after quite some struggles), but the same incantations didn't work on my new machine running Ventura. It exports a number of filesystems as NFS, SMB and AFP.
On Ventura, I can manually mount an NFS share, but no files are accessible (Operation not permitted) - this sounds like your problem so far.
umount doesn't work, but diskutil unmount does.
Then I access the same share using AFP (separately exported as AFP from the same server). Files are visible in Finder.
Try again to mount using nfs, still same problem, unmount again.
Access one of the files (any file) using the AFP share, that works, I can read the files not just list them.
Then, mount the NFS share again, IT WORKS!!! Files are visible and readable.
I had to repeat this procedure for each filesystem, so it's not something to do with the server credentials alone.
I suspect something strange is going on with user credentials, but can't help more than that guess.
I had had a policy of mounting these filesystems under /Shared, but I needed to edit /etc/synthetic.conf to make that appear as a symbolic link to System/Volumes/Data/Shared, where I created my mount points.
I still cannot get the automount daemon to mount these NFS shares on first use. This much progress was the result of four hours of work, and now I'm fried. No auto mount, but at least I have my network shares.