Mac Maps not syncing with iPhone and not found in Mac Apple Settings

You can Not

Then have a few suggestions ;

1 - Get Support Choose a product and we’ll find you the best solution.Start now and open an Apple Support Ticket as they are Apple Employees to deal will these types of issues . 

2 - Product Feedback - Apple and make it known to Apple regarding this ongoing issue 

Go System Setting >> Internet Accounts > click on your iCloud Account Name

Scroll down and look for the Category called " Apps using iCloud "

On 3 different Apple computers I use all running Ventura 13.3.1 - Maps is not Specifically Listed to use iCloud

refer to image below

Welcome

Though you can Share a Map from within the Maps App ( iOS ) or Maps Application (macOS )

refer to below image from macOS Maps Application