The photos starting with E have always existed, they are the edited versions of the original photos. While on the phone, you don't see the different versions, only when you connect the phone to the PC. So if you don't copy the E versions, you copy the unedited photos.
I have had the problem with copying photos from the iPhone to the PC (catastrophic failure) for a long time. It became worse with every new iPhone, and now with the 14 it is a nightmare. It surely is an Apple bug which is obviously not recognised by Apple.
P.S. The E versions do not cause the catastrophic failures. I also get the failures when I only copy unedited IMG photos (without the E before the number.
The only way to get around it is to continue copying from the number which obviously caused the catastrophic failure. You see which one it is because you don't see the photo but only the icon, and it's the last copied photo (which, of course, is not copied because it causes the catastrophic failure). But the system keeps crashing, you have to restart the process multiple times until you run out of patience.
Probably copying the photos from iCloud is the safest bet - but much slower compared to copying them directly from the phone... But then you get them in .HEIC format and one tenth of the original size, as I have just seen! This is not an option!!!
I would say this is a catastrophic Apple failure.