Apps are permanently linked to the ID used to download them. If it is only app updating causing an issue, delete the apps downloaded with the other ID and download them again with the one you want to use. If you paid for the other ones then your option would be to use Family Sharing to share them with yourself. However, if you have deleted the other ID then you can't do that unless you can still reverse the deletion.
Since Apple has designed things for a person to have only one ID, you could encounter other issues. While it is possible to sign in on a different account, in particular you want to make sure Find My settings are using your current ID or else you may eventually discover you cannot reset the phone should you need to. In theory you would have done the things in this support article between using a different ID What to do before you sell, give away, or trade in your iPhone or iPad - Apple Support