It “should” do whatever it needs to do based on the apps you have, the notifications you receive, the strength of the cellular signal, the email and texts that arrive, and many other things that happen overnight. As pointed out above, a smartphone (ANY smartphone) is never idle; it is always using energy, and the amount that it uses can’t be easily controlled. If you disable all notifications, set mail fetch to Manual (so it only updates when you open the Mail app), put the phone in Airplane mode (so it stops its conversation with the cellular network), disable all social networking apps by logging out of them, you may be able to reduce the energy used overnight. But there will still be some energy loss overnight.
But you are not doing your phone any favors by not charging overnight, either. My 4 year old XR has 94% maximum capacity, and I have followed my own advice, charging it overnight, every night, with optimized charging. My iPhone 14 Pro, which is 10 months old, is still at 100%, also charged overnight with automatic backup enabled.
Speaking of backups, how often do you do them? The only correct answer is “every day,” unless you have absolutely no data and no photos on your phone that you wouldn’t mind losing if your phone was dropped in a toilet, thrown under a bus or stolen. And backing up every day is automatic if you charge overnight, you don’t even have to think about it.
The other question is do you view your phone as a useful tool, or as a battery that must be coddled? You are paying attention obsessively to the second by second state of the battery rather than what you can do with the phone. Batteries are expendable; you use them until they aren’t providing the amount of energy you need, then you replace them for a small cost and an hour of inconvenience to get the battery replaced. This is typically about 2 years if you don’t follow best practices, 3 or 4 if you do.