USB Accessories Disabled

Macbook Pro (2019, touchbar) running MacOS 13.5.2 (22G91) and 3rd Gen iPadOS 16.6 (20G75).

I use the iPad as a second monitor and when it is plugged into the Macbook, the power drains rapidly. The batter has the charging symbol, but rather than charging, it is draining. Battery went from 60% to 9% in about one hour, and 10 minutes later it died. I used to be able to use the iPad all day, plugged into the USB port of the Macbook and the power would stay at 100% for the full day. The cable is an Apple USB-C to lightning cable.

When I charged it using a wall charger and re-connected, I got a pop-up saying "USB Accessories Disabled Unplug the access using too much power to re-enable USB Devices."

This is an earlier question related to the iPad not working as expected with the Macbook. That issue has not been resolved, and using the smaller screen sucks, but this makes the whole situation unusable.