Try this to reset the SMC of your Mac
Make sure that your Mac is plugged into power, then take one of these actions.
- Restart: Choose Apple menu > Restart.
- Or shut down: Choose Apple menu > Shut Down. Then press the power button on your Mac to turn it on again.
If this is not working, please boot your Mac in the safe mode to see if the issue persist
- On your Mac, choose Apple menu > Shut Down.
- Wait for your Mac to shut down completely. A Mac is completely shut down when the screen is black and any lights (including in the Touch Bar) are off.
- Press and hold the power button on your Mac until “Loading startup options” appears.
- Select a volume.
- Press and hold the Shift key, then click Continue in Safe Mode.
- The computer restarts automatically. When the login window appears, you should see “Safe Boot” in the menu bar.
If it does not persist in the safe mode, it is caused by an external piece of software, you might want to evaluate the software you've installed on your Mac.
For your question if this is a hardware error caused by Sonoma, I want to stress that correlation is not always causality. What I want to say with that is that the error might have occurred after updating to Sonona, it is not yet proven that it is Caused by the update to Sonoma.