Albums do not store copies of your photos. When you add a photo to an album, it is just a reference to the photo you added. Each photo is only stored once in your Photos Library, independent of the number of albums you added it to. when you delete a photo from the library, it will be removed from all albums as well.
You can recover deleted photos for a limited time of thirty days, as long as they are still in Recently Deleted. Once the photos are gone from Recently Deleted you need to use the backups you are keeping to recover deleted photos, but you need a backup you made, while the photos have still been on your device.
Restore your iPhone, iPad, or iPod touch from a backup - Apple Support