I had the exact same issue. But I solved it. If you have password protected your external SSD (I have a Samsung T9 2TB, and a SanDisk Extreme Pro 500GB), you will just need to enter the password when you connect the SSD to your iPhone. This can be done by just opening the "Files" app on your iPhone, then click on the name of your external SSD attached, then following the prompt and entering your password. Once that is done you will be able to access your external SSD normally. In my case, I use the external SSD for direct export of my ProRes Log video files. Working flawlessly now. I will send an Apple Developers a message alerting them to this oversight, and hope that they address this issue in a subsequent iOS 17.2 beta update, or maybe 17.3. On my MacBook Air, there is no issue because I am prompted to enter my password when attaching the external SSD, or, in the current case, I have allowed Keychain Access to the external SSD so that the SSD is already authorized when I am logged into my Mac (via fingerprint ID, or manual password to my Mac). As for appropriate cables, make sure you are using the appropriate speed rating for the cables (not just for power), or your date will not transfer at the proper speed and frame dropping will result, or worse. Make sure your external SSD is also compatible (in speed), with the iPhone 15 (Pro or Pro Max). Hope this helps everyone.