Safari can't make a new window

When I launch Safari, it doesn't open a window like it normally should. Cmd+N flashes the File menu but then doesn't do anything. Cmd+t opens an empty window with no controls or anything. Once that window is open, I can select New Tab Group and it will load the homepage and show bookmarks, but no location bar or status bar (even though they are active under View).

Logging into another user account does not have the same problem, so it's just this user with the issue.

Tried running Malwarebytes (clean), reinstalling the OS (no change), run all updates (OS is Catalina, btw).

Boot into Safe Mode (no change)

Removed the Safari folder from ~/Library, no change.

Removed all plists from ~/Library/Preferences with Safari in the name, no change. When relaunching Safari, it did not create a new com.apple.Safari.plist as I expected it to.

Copied Safari from another Mac running Catalina and launched it from USB drive. No change.

There are no other issues observed on this 2013 iMac. Aside from this issue, it runs flawlessly.

I'm running out of ideas here.