Receiving photos with potential viruses

How do I know if a photo from a person may have a virus,malware, trackers, or who knows what in it to harm my device? I ask this because when someone sends my iPhone a photo, there isn’t any scanning procedure or option on my end. It’s just an attachment on my device etc…it may not even be something intentional but if a friend is sharing something and their device is infected can I get it?