Scripting Numbers like one would automate Google Sheets or Excel through scripts

Mac OS has AppleScript with which you can script actions for Numbers. They can be run as services/quick actions or using the Shortcuts app and/or given a keyboard combination/shortcut. Scripts are not part of the spreadsheet so if you need a user of your spreadsheet on another machine to have script, they have to install it (and set up a keyboard shortcut for it, if they want one) on their machine. On the positive side, the script will be available for all spreadsheets. You cannot create/script "buttons" or other elements within the spreadsheet for user input/control. The best you can do is a keyboard combination.