You have the exact apps that have been the cause of the battery draining that has been reported here and it will continue until those developers update their apps or the user quit using them to force a change. The Screen Time only reflects when you are using the apps, but the apps are using you after they have been closed.
- Instagram
- SnapChat
- WhatsApp
The background processes those apps run continue even when you are not using those apps and they are free to use because they are gathering a tremendous amount of data from your activities to build a Social Graph to target specific ads to you. The data it is collecting could be listed here, but frankly it would span a whole page for those 3 apps. You can view the information yourself by viewing the Privacy Page for each app in the App Store. How do you think they make billions in revenue when you are not paying them anything to use the service. You are the product.
The test is simple, remove them and you will have all day battery life. Apple gives you that page to identify the energy hogs, so now it is up to you what you do with that information. If using the apps is more important to you than the reduction of battery life, then that is a choice you make. The solution for bugs or performance issues with apps is to contact the developer or don't use the app.