iCloud for Windows 11 will not authenticate after a forced password change on iPhone

My AppleID forced a password change (I won't get into that), and I eventually got the new password active on my iPhone and iPad. But when I enter the exact same password (yes, I checked) into the iCloud app on Windows 11, it comes back with "Verification Failed: Unable to sign you in to your Apple Account. Try again later." I know it works, because I signed onto this forum and iTunes Connect with the AppleID and password. This problem survived a reboot. When I looked at all the devices that my AppleID was signed onto, I had multiple copies of my Surface Pro 8, so I removed them all from the account.

What do I try next?