Across the top – Lightning Bolt is universal symbol for Flash. Press it and a diagonal line goes through it. That universal symbol for no flash.
Timed Exposure – iPhone can take up to 30 second exposure if on tripod and 10 seconds handheld. This can give the cotton candy effect to water and fast moving clouds. Good for nighttime photography and Milky Way shots.
Up Arrow – enables extended menu that includes more symbols and features to learn.
Format Types – includes RAW Max, and either jpeg (Most Compatible) and HEIF. Selecting Raw Max excludes the new Styles feature. Styles is available in jpeg and HEIF. Other options are available in Settings app > Camera.
Live Photos – Takes short clips constantly and erases them. This enables you to capture action moments you never thought possible. Think sports, action, priceless expressions on children, once in a lifetime happenings.
Styles – allows you to apply custom looks to your images and move dot on screen to customize the look/style of the image.

Ask any questions you may have and we can work our way through the other settings as your time permits.