First, if you look at the dates installed, you have a LOT of apps older than the computer at play, probably brought over by Migration Assistant. I see DivX. There is some evidence that badly outdated versions of DivX can slow computer operations. If you use it, update it. If not, dump it. Same for the other "moldy oldies."
Your SSD's performance scores and metrics tell me it is in good nick.
Both of these piggy processes:
mdworker_shared (17) 114.60 % (Apple)
mdsync 33.40 % (Apple)
are related to Spotlight indexing and could be causing your heat issues. Reducing its workload may help.
Start by doing System Settings > Spotlight and reducing the number of things Spotlight is indexing. By default, Spotlight searches everything, including some categories that do not nee do be searched. I whittled mine down to this and can still find what I need:

Clicking the "Search Privacy" button at the bottom of the Spotlight settings page wil let you exclude external drives. (You cannot exclude your Time Machine drive in macOS 15, but may be able to in Ventura macOS 13).
To make sure something about your work station or usage patterns are not blocking the flow of air in or out of the computer, see this Apple article:
Keep your Mac laptop within acceptable operating temperatures - Apple Support
The 13-inch 2017 Macbook Pro has but one cooling fan and no side vents for cool air intake, so some diligence is needed to keep it running within safe temps. Top items with your model are never putting anything over the keyboard, and keeping anything on the desk from getting within about 150mm of the hinge area in the back.