When a pair of Bluetooth headphones like your JBL Jr310BT works fine on one device but is super quiet on another, it usually points to either a software setting or a Bluetooth codec/configuration mismatch.
See if any of the following can help:
Check Volume Limit / Reduce Loud Sounds (iPhone)
- Go to: Settings > Sounds & Haptics > Headphone Safety
- Make sure "Reduce Loud Sounds"*is turned off.
Reset Bluetooth Connection
- Forget the headphones on your iPhone: Settings > Bluetooth > Tap the (i) next to JBL Jr310BT > Forget This Device
- Then re-pair them from scratch.
Turn Off Mono Audio or Audio Balance Tweaks
- Go to: Settings > Accessibility > Audio/Visual
- Make sure Mono Audio is off
- Check the left-right balance slider is centered