I just spoke with Apple Support about this exact issue. The technician acknowledged it’s likely a software issue.
He recommended a specific procedure to reinstall the update using a Mac, which is more thorough than a standard Over-The-Air (OTA) update:
- Connect your iPhone to your Mac via cable and open Finder.
- Hold the Command (⌘) key on your keyboard and click 'Check for Update'.
- This forces the Mac to download the entire system image (several GBs) from Apple's servers and reinstall the OS over your current one, rather than just patching it.
Note: Use Command (⌘) to force a fresh download (whereas Option/Alt is for selecting local files).
I am performing this procedure right now as per the technician's recommendation. I will have to wait until tomorrow to see if this actually resolves the battery drain, but it’s a more reliable way to clear any 'runaway processes' or corrupted files from the initial update. Make sure to back up your device first.