I have the same setup as sceloglaux (Win 7 64 bit Home, iPhone 3GS, Outlook 2010).
I tried a reboot, uninstall, reboot again, disable and close anything I can, then reinstall. Still the same problem.
Athough I'm not sure if I got this message before:
Outlook Setup Error
Your setup couldn't be started because of an unexpected error.
Clicking the report button brings up my profile dialog box, then I choose my profile and it just goes back to the error dialog. Try again does the same thing.
sceloglaux - it sounds like you got it working. Care to enlighten us on what steps you took?
Do I need to have an me.com e-mail account set up first? I don't want to sync e-mail, just calendar and contacts. I tried setting up e-mail in case that's the missing link, but I'm having trouble with that as well (separate thread, probably server issues).
Thanks.