There are a number of issues to fix this:
1. You cannot view the "Notification Centre" from the lock screen.
2. You can have all your NEW notifications appear in your lock screen by changing the settings in Settings>Notifications>(and then select that app).
3. You also have to ensure you are allowing notifications within the App itself, inside the App's settings.
Here are a few hints:
- If you have the "Alert Style" set to "None" - they won't show up, even if you turn them "On".
- If you set to "Banners" they will show up as Banners while your phone is unlocked, and also as a Banner on the Lock screen (if the lock screen setting is set to "on"). From the lock screen you can "swipe" the notification, and it will take you right to that app.
- If you set as "Alerts" - it will require you to select an action before proceeding - in which case you must "unlock the phone", and the rest of any notifications on your lock screen will not longer be considered new - and won't show up again when you lock your phone.
My recommendation: Set them all as Banners, and then you have more options. Once you "Unlock" your phone, all of them will be removed from your lock screen, but you can then see them in the Notification Centre.
Some exmples:
Facebook: you need to select Settings>Notification>Facebook. If you want your notifications from Facebook to show up on your phone, select "Notification centre: ON". Select the Alert Style. If you want to see them in your lock screen, turn "View in Lock Screen:ON." THEN, go to Settings>Facebook>Push Notifications, and select the ones you would like. They will show up on your phone.
EMAIL: Settings>Notifications>Mail.If you want your notifications from your email accounts to show up on your phone, select "Notification centre: ON". Select the Alert Style. If you want to see them in your lock screen, turn "View in Lock Screen:ON." THEN go to Settings>Mail, Contacts, Calendars>and select the Mail Account you would like notifications for.. Depending on the account type you may need to change your "push or fetch" settings.
TEXT: Settings>Notifications>Messages If you want your notifications from texts to show up on your phone, select "Notification centre: ON". Select the Alert Style. If you want to see them in your lock screen, turn "View in Lock Screen:ON." If you want to see the whole message, select "Show Preview: ON", "OFF will just display the name of the person who sent the text".