How do I export iPhone contacts?

My goal is to make a back up of my iPhone contacts, preferably in a printed list.

I figured the way to do that would be to somehow merge my phone contacts into my Google Contacts on my MacBook (however, I do not want to merge my Gmail Contacts into my phone, as there are 100s of contacts there I do not want/need on my phone, so I am proceeding cautiously).

Under Settings > Mail, Contacts, Calendar >iCloud I have Contacts "On" (but have not done an iCloud backup FWIW because I am not sure my data is less than 5gb). Doing this alone does not help.

Can anyone advise me of the best way to achieve this goal without making a big mess?

Thanks in advance.