sarrastro, For a while I also thought I had a faulty iPhone, motion calibration was always using location services. I bought two iPhone 6, one for my wife and one for me. From the beginning I started playing with the settings to maximise battery life, or so I thought, I turned off most of location services, including motion calibration. I started turning the settings back on one by one, and I noticed motion calibration always using location services.
I went to check my wife's phone and motion calibration was using location services very rarely. I tried every suggestion I found online, but nothing stopped motion calibration from using location services. I even called Apple Tech Support and they don't have a clue as to what Motion Calibration is, after putting me on hold several times for long periods of time to go and find out what I was asking, they came back and told me it was normal to work like that and to drain my battery, so turn it off if I didn't want my battery drained. That answer didn't make any sense, they are not the engineers who designed the iPhone nor the software and they obviously don't know.
Someone on this blog suggested to forget about it and leave it on, so I did, but it annoyed me to know the battery was being drained unnecessarily. Since my wife's iPhone was working fine without location services being used all the time, I was convinced my iPhone had a hardware defect. When update 8.1.2 came out I thought may be that would fix the problem, I updated immediately, but nothing changed.
But after a few days, may be two weeks, and before I had the chance to return my iPhone, like you did, motion calibration stopped using location services all the time. Now it is working fine. The location services icon appears a few times a day, but only for 5 or 10 seconds and then it goes away. So my conclusion is that motion calibration needs to acquire enough data from the motion sensors, perhaps two weeks of data, before it can stop using location services all the time. My wife's iPhone was able to acquire enough data long before mine because the first couple of weeks of use I had motion calibration off, while she never played with any of the settings.
So, I don't think you have a second faulty iPhone. Actually, I believe there was nothing wrong with the first iPhone you returned. Like the guys from tech support, I think the genius bar guys don't have a clue about motion calibration, otherwise they wouldn't have replaced your iPhone with another one. My suggestion to you is, let motion calibration acquire the data it needs from location services for as long as it takes, perhaps 2 or 3 weeks, and then it will stop. And another thing, when motion calibration was using location services all the time, the battery drain wasn't much different when I turned motion calibration off. The reality is, iPhone 6 battery doesn't last as long as I would like it to. Even my 6 year old iPhone 3G lasted longer, after 6 years of use. I only get 5 or 6 hours of use in a period of 48 hours, which is why I tried to tweak the settings to see if I could make it last longer. But with everything off or everything on, there is not much difference, I get the same 5 or 6 hours of battery while 48 on standby.