I can confirm that I am using a USB port at the rear of my iMac and not a port in a USB hub.
Yes this issue does appear to occur when a sync is interrupted. iOS and iTunes ought to be able to cope with a sync interruption without rendering your device unusable. If a sync requires caching of over 50GB of data on the device then in my view this is appalling programming practice and Apple ought to devise a better model. Having said that, I have also been using iOS devices for 7 years without ever experiencing this problem yet I have repeatedly experienced this since purchasing an iPhone 6.
Many others have reported syncing issues with the iPhone 6 running iOS 8. The problem is that syncing freezes with messages such as "Waiting for changes to be applied". If this is not a bug then what is the recommended way to safely exit out of a sync when this problem is encountered?