sternd wrote:
Update: I noticed that's enough to turn off all Bluetooth devices to re-establish the internet bandwidth. Bluetooth can be activated as long you have no device connected. If I turn on the mouse or the keyboard the drop occurs again.
That does sound like interference, ironically coming from the mouse and/or keyboard!
I did some experiments with this and my Macbook Air with OS 10.10.5. At home, turning bluetooth on or off had no impact on the 60 mbps internet downlink signal we get through a wireless router WRT160N which seems to go up to ~ 100+ Mbps as best I can determine informally with large file copies via wireless between different computers in the house.
At work, with bluetooth off I see 300 Mbps up and down (both directions). With bluetooth on, if the wireless connection is at the 5GHz signal, I see no impacts. If the wireless access is at 2.4 GHz, then using the bluetooth mouse + keyboard seems to cut the downlink from ~300 to ~ 150 Mbps, although strangely enough the uplink remains at 300 Mbps. (I don't know the exact routers in place at work but I think they are Cisco units.)
So I can see some minor-ish impact from two nearby bluetooth devices (mouse + keyboard) for one direction, but it's still pretty fast. It might be device independent, my mouse and keyboard using bluetooth are Apple devices.
Finally, note this discussion of bluetooth interfering with WiFi
http://apple.stackexchange.com/questions/153009/bluetooth-and-wifi-interfering-w ith-one-another-since-yosemite
I should also point out that (a) people have also reported bluetooth and WiFi interference issues with Mavericks
(see http://apple.stackexchange.com/questions/120512/workaround-for-mavericks-bluetoo th-wi-fi-interference )
before Yosemite even came out; and (b) the first link above claims that discoveryd was a the culprit and that is now gone and thus the problem is supposedly fixed. But reports persist about this problem under Yosemite and El Capitan, so clearly there is more to this than just that.
If the bluetooth devices are interfering, one could elect to simply stop using them -- but this seems wrong as it's an advertised capability, and wireless keyboards and mouse are convenient, especially with laptops. Or try the higher WiFi frequency (5 GHz), or try a different make of wireless mouse and keyboard.