I've had this problem a couple of times and found an easy fix, at least for one situation... Google Chrome allows preventing sleep, so something open in one of my tabs was the culprit. To fix this case:
- open Activity Monitor to confirm that Chrome is preventing sleep (Applications --> Utilities --> Activity Monitor, then click the "Energy" tab and look under "Preventing Sleep")
- in Chrome's options list (top-right corner) choose "More Tools" then "Task Manager". Click "CPU" heading to sort, and see if any tab is using more CPU than the "Browser" itself. If so, visit that tab and close it. Then re-check in Activity Monitor that the "Yes" is now a "No" (note it takes a few secs to update).
That fixed it for me a couple of times. In neither case was there anything obvious in the offending tab re: why it needed to prevent sleep, just badly-written S/W I suppose!