Mine is MacBook Pro 15-inch, Early 2011, and I have Mac 2011 Office upgraded to 14.5.7, and other applications including Safari browser (I have no other browser) upgraded by clicking the installed applications and checking their websites one by one. I checked to ensure no more Apple Store upgrade.
I also have FireVault off.
But after installed El Capitan, at the first boot up after first power shut down, I still got the same problem of grey screen with no progress in progress bar.
Apple Store could not solve the problem except asked me either to clean install or to wait for El Capitan patches or other applications upgrade gradually.
I tried to boot up in Startup Manager (Option + Power on) but after I selected my only hard disk, it did not work to boot into El Capitan.
Today I tried again to boot up in Command R to look for any more clues.
After choosing language, in the next screen, I clicked the top left Apple logo to bring up Startup Disk.
In the screen shown, I selected my only hard disk shown once, then I clicked the top left menu to Quit Startup Disk.
It took a short while before the top menu changed to show Language Chooser.
I clicked Shut Down instead.
After a few minutes, I boot up the Macbook normally and it could log into El Capitan and now everything is smooth.
As there is no file to remove or no tweaks or terminal command to make, see if others have similar issue can try your luck this way.