CJ -- I don't know. I assume you waited until iTunes first recognized your device then started Xcode. It sometimes takes a minute or so to get recognized.
Assuming you looked here for the ExcResource report: Settings | Privacy | Diagnostics & Usage | Diagnostics & Usage Data.
Since you just tried these changes - maybe you should give it a little more time to make sure you are still having substantial battery drain - maybe it is fixed.
And I would try what Garretn offered. He was having usage and standby close together - as was I - and what he did worked for him. It seems you need something to disrupt the system task from looping - disrupting the queue in some mysterious fashion. In MY case I have that option turned on with no ill effects.
Please let us know what you find out.
UPDATE: Just saw your screenshots - that is not an issue - the 10% - that's actually the instrumentation task running. You are looking for wild swings - 50-7-100+%.
I'd take your phone out of airplane mode and monitor the tasks - it probably doesn't run if it can't get to the cloud.