I'm glad it resolved your problems. I just read the entire thread, which I bet few people have actually done. Several things come to mind. First, this isn't about one problem. There are at least a half dozen different problems described. All have something to do with sound quality, but some are problems hearing on the phone, others are people on the other end having trouble hearing you. Some of them show up in voice memos, others do not. The bottom line is that there are 16 pages of posts at this time, but they aren't all about the same thing.
There are a number of posts, like yours, that say replacing the phone fixed the problem. And a number where it didn't. If replacing the phone fixed it then that problem was hardware.
Focusing on people at the other end having problems hearing you, very early on a number of people said removing a case, or leaving the noise cancellation microphone on the back uncovered fixed the problem. And others said that turning off noise cancellation improved the problem but didn't fix it. This makes sense, if you consider that some people said speaking close to the microphone fixed it. Noise cancellation works by comparing the sounds received by the primary and back microphones, and ignoring sounds that reach both microphones simultaneously. So if your voice is received equally by both it will be canceled. And if the back mic is covered it won't receive anything, so your voice is competing with background noise. This is equivalent to turning off noise cancellation. So a good first step is to see if removing the case helps. If it does you need to modify the case to not cover the back microphone, or get a different case. It may also be possible for Apple to refine the noise cancellation algorithm.
Turning off Voice over LTE fixed it for some users, especially with Verizon. When VoLTE first came out there were similar problems with it on other model phones, so this makes some sense. But it has to be turned off by the carrier, not just on the phone. Users noted that they didn't want to give up VoLTE; however, there is no benefit to VoLTE to the phone's user; it is only of benefit to the carrier, because it reduces the load on the analog network and allows all calls to be purely digital. This should not be an issue today, 2 years after VoLTE has been deployed, so I wouldn't consider this an acceptable fix.