GUYS!!!! I SOLVED IT!!!! I could not wait on Apple, since two weeks already passed and I just had to try....So I debugged, went through a lot of log files, checked EFI partitions....and FINALLY....
After restoring from TimeMachine I checked my /System/Library/Extensions and funny there were a lot of files (use "ls -l") with dates like 2008, 2012 (USB Serial drivers, 3G Modem drivers...) and funny even some really old stuff from Apple:
drwxr-xr-x@ 3 root wheel 102 Jan 12 2009 AppleUSBHub.kext
I first deleted:
drwxr-xr-x@ 3 root wheel 102 Oct 15 2008 NovatelWireless3G.kext
drwxr-xr-x@ 3 root wheel 102 Oct 15 2008 NovatelWirelessFilter.kext
drwxr-xr-x@ 3 root wheel 102 Aug 29 2013 ProlificUsbSerial.kext
drwxr-xr-x@ 3 root wheel 102 Mar 9 2009 RT2870USBWirelessDriver.kext
drwxr-xr-x@ 3 root wheel 102 Jul 11 2007 RBIOKitHelper.kext
drwxr-xr-x@ 3 root wheel 102 Jun 7 2012 UPSVendori386.kext
drwxr-xr-x@ 3 root wheel 102 Oct 15 2008 HuaweiDataCardDriver.kext
drwxr-xr-x@ 3 root wheel 102 Aug 30 2013 Fantom.kext
drwxr-xr-x@ 3 root wheel 102 Dec 23 2008 FTDIUSBSerialDriver.kext
drwxr-xr-x@ 3 root wheel 102 Mar 24 2010 EPSONUSBPrintClass.kext
drwxr-xr-x@ 3 root wheel 102 Jan 15 2006 BJUSBMP.kext
drwxr-xr-x@ 3 root wheel 102 Jan 12 2009 AppleUSBHub.kext
Rebooted....same issue....Then I spoted more and deleted those too:
drwxr-xr-x@ 3 root wheel 102 Aug 30 2012 2.2.0 (Contained Belcarra.USBLAN_netpart.kext...)
drwxr-xr-x@ 3 root wheel 102 Aug 30 2012 3.1.1 (Contained Belcarra.USBLAN_netpart.kext...)
drwxr-xr-x+ 3 root wheel 102 Jan 12 2009 IOUSBCompositeDriver.kext
I think that was all, anyhow no old files were anymore in this directory. Rebooted....BAM...critical update applied and after more than 2 weeks I can finally use my new MacBook Pro!
Something of that messed up the EmbeddedOSInstaller service that repairs things related with TouchID....
Hope that helps!