Re. the studies mentioned above:
The summary of that paperfrom Jun 2015 doesn't say what app was used to measure the accuracy, but 1000 users in a hundred countries got a mean accuracy of 4.9 meters, which confirmed the consensus view of about 5 meters for "open sky" situations. It was for typical smartphones, and iPhones are meant to be better than average.
"Open-sky GNSS accuracy with smartphones has often been claimed to be “about 5 meters”, in fact this was the answer to an in-course quiz question in one of the lectures. In this lab, with over one thousand participants in one hundred countries, the measured mean accuracy, remarkably, came to 4.9 meters. Even more interesting, the accuracy in urban areas showed a remarkable correlation with building height."
Another survey in May 2016 said the average accuracy in five big cities with tall buildings was 30m (Boston, MA (21 meters), New York City, NY (27 meters), Austin, TX (28 meters), Washington, D.C. (29 meters), and Chicago, IL (38 meters).
New Research Study Reveals the State of Location Data Accuracy, Finds Average Accuracy for Mobile Devices to be 30 Meter…
However, several people here are having problems with accuracy worse than that in open spaces, not in downtown NY etc.
Is there any reason why 3rd party GPS apps such as GPS Diagnostic wouldn't give accurate readings?
Apple doesn't publish specs, but Joolz above was told "the behavior (of his/her phone) was within the parameters for the iPhone 8 plus", and the staff apparently admitted the GPS system in it was inferior to the older models.