Hi AppleQer,
I bought the GPS diagnostic. (It's actually kind of cool for $2.99) After trying it, no satellites showed, never ever, not even one. Again I tried resets, and reboots (didn't do another re-image / aka factory reset). All the GPS I could get was assisted GPS (GPS-A) without the sats. If I put the iPhone in airplane mode, then the position would not update. (GPS still works in airplane mode on my 6+).
Seeing how I'm going on an international trip on Friday, I had no choice but to either scrap the phone or try the SIM hot swap.
Ok, I did the SIM hot swap trick, exactly as you specified:
"take SIM out, shutdown phone with SIM out, restart phone with SIM out, put SIM in while phone is on; make sure you are in range of cellular signal the whole time), 3) start up GPS Diagnostic outside, standing still and wait 30 seconds without refreshing"
After restarting the iPhone 6s, I reinserted the SIM module, and after about 30 seconds while watching the GPS diagnostic, all the 3 satellites , and 4+ bars came up to nearly 100%. They even work indoors now, and better than my older iPhone 6 plus (which also is on 11.4). Hot inserting the SIM apparently doesn't cause any damage as far as I can tell.
So far the GPS is working reliably and perfectly. Thank you so much!
Based on this experience, I can say at least in my case that this is NOT a hardware issue. It has to be related to 11.X, and is an issue in 11.4, and 11.3.1 as those are the to firmwares I had an issue with.
Apple, are you reading these posts? Please log a bug report.