Hi there, gts154!
Thanks for reaching out to the Apple Support Communities! It sounds like you are having an issue with your earbuds not working properly with your iPod and I am happy to assist! You have tried some excellent steps tested them with other devices and testing other headphones with your iPod and, based on your results, I recommend taking a look at this article form Apple with steps to follow If your headphones don't work with your iPhone, iPad, or iPod touch. Specifically, try the additional steps as well as these steps if the issues continue:
If you plug in your headphones, but sound plays from your device's speakers, try plugging in a different pair of headphones. If the same thing happens, get your device inspected at an Apple Retail Store or Apple Authorized Service Provider, or contact Apple Support.
Cheers!