USB?
iMac, macOS Sierra (10.12.4), 3.4 GHz Intel i7, 16 GB DDR3
That is an Apple extension cable that used to ship with USB keyboards. Here is mine, alongside the cable end of a keyboard (model A1048) whose USB plug works with the extension cable:
Note that Apple notched the plug on the keyboard cable to accommodate the "key" in the extension cable. The notch does not prevent the board from being used without the extension. I also received this kind of extender with two A1243 "Aluminum" boards I bought.
I see two part numbers associated with this basic design in eBay adverts: 591-0181 and 591-0240:
No, there's no Apple logo.
Well, that probably rules out it being an Apple proprietary cable (unless it is a third-party cable for an Apple use).
I think that was said back in November when the OP started this thread.
USB?