Hello ummagoomba and welcome to Apple Support Communities.
I see you're having some issues with how text displays on your 2017 MacBook Pro.
The screen scaling you're referring to is a part of the OS that's there because not all apps or even web sites are viewable in the much high resolution that Retina displays offer. At this time, that is not a defeat-able function. However, as all of the examples you sent appear to by from the same app, you might try opening that app in low-resolution mode.
To do that, instead of double clicking the app to open it, choose the app in the Finder and then use the Get Info command from the File menu or you can Control-click or right-click on the app depending on how you're set up). In the Info window that comes up, you should see a checkbox titled Open in Low Resolution. Choose this option, close out the Info box and open the app to see if this addresses the issue with text cutting off in that app. Check the link below for further info. In particular, the section entitled "Using apps with a Retina display" addresses this issue specifically.
Using a Retina display - Apple Support
Cheers.