I've seen reports of "documents & sync" leeching data around 3 years ago (possible for different reasons, but still). Reasonable action would have been to split it up into multiple categories. Since We are now in 2020 and this hasn't happened (blame is on Apple here), I think the most logical way forward is to step-by-step narrow it down to the culprit.
Anyway, got my hands on the phone again and re-enabled all of these
- iCloud/Mail -> back to on
- iCloud/Safari -> back to on
- iCloud/WhatsApp -> back to on
- Find my / Share my Location -> back to on
Data usage before: 1.7MB ( 800 KB in docs & sync)
Disabling Wifi and Enabling 4G for a few minutes (2-3): 4MB (with 3 MB in docs & sync).
Ok, so the issue is still occuring. So let's continue, first resetting data-stats and then:
- iCloud/Mail -> on
- iCloud/Safari -> on
- iCloud/WhatsApp -> off
- Find my / Share my Location -> off
Leaving it for a few minutes (2-3): 0 bytes used...
Next test (randomly picking Whatsapp)
- iCloud/Mail -> off
- iCloud/Safari -> off
- iCloud/WhatsApp -> on
- Find my / Share my Location -> off
Leaving it for 2-3 minutes: 1.7MB in documents and sync
Counter-test
- iCloud/Mail -> on
- iCloud/Safari -> on
- iCloud/WhatsApp -> off
- Find my / Share my Location -> on
Leaving for a few minutes: 1.4 MB total, but this went into "Safari services" (merging back data... understandable). Documents & sync remains at 0.6KB.
Counter-counter test
- iCloud/Mail -> off
- iCloud/Safari -> on (leaving it on, because I don't see a need to waste 1.5MB on yet another merge)
- iCloud/WhatsApp -> on
- Find my / Share my Location -> off
Almost no activity for 2 minutes, after that documents & sync at 300KB.
So in this specific case it looks like WhatsApp is to blame for leeching the data. Looking into the WhatsApp setting-screen (in whatsapp itself:
- save to camera roll: disabled
- chat backup
- - "sign in to iCloud to back up your history"
- - Auto backup: Monthly
- - Include videos: No
- with the menu showing the following hint at the bottom: "To avoid excessive data charges, connect your phone to WiFi or disable cellular data for iCloud: Phone Settings > Cellular -> iCloud Drive > Off". Note that in my case iCloud drive was disable ( weird, because I has iCloud drive disabled, so might not have applied in my case ).
- Media and Storage usage: A few hundred MB's (video's / photo's ).
- Photos/Audio/Video/Documents on "WiFi only".
- Under "Network Usage" quite a few MB's of traffic ( not specified if WiFi or 4G).
So let's test this what "Network usage" means. Resetting the ios-datastats + whatsapp-statistics and re-doing the "Counter-counter test". Re-enabling 4G instantly shows the ios-data-statistics for "docs & sync" at 1.2 MB, but the WhatsApp-statistics remain at 0 (everything in that screen is zero or 0).
There still is an option to "Low Data Usage"while on cellular (enabling this one to see if it will keep leeching data).
-> nope -> 600KB usage within a few seconds after re-enabling 4G.
Next steps is to slowly re-enable the important apps again, and see if anything else misbehaves.
Note: I do think Apple is partially to blame by enabling apps to misbehave, by not splitting up "documents & sync" into categories per-app, and for letting this continue for at least 3 years looking at similar bugreports. It's quite disturbing a multi-billion company isn't able to track this down over a period of at least 3 years (and doesn't even help by making statistics visible) but instead depends on unpaid QA services from their customers.