I have no intentions of providing credit card info!
When you start any subscription, including Apple TV+, you will need to provide a payment method in advance for the monthly subscription fees after the trial, whether you intend to continue or not. It doesn’t have to be a credit card, although that is probably easiest and safest. Without valid payment method, you will not be able to subscribe. You won’t be billed (for this) until the subscription transitions after the trial. If you cancel in time, then you won’t be billed at all for this subscription.
The offer is for one year of Apple TV+ for free, so nobody gets ‘ripped off’ when their first year is indeed for free. And they hope you stay for the quality content. It is not a giveaway, it is a lure, an elongated trial period, and that’s okay.