I had the exact same issue and consumed lots of time and energy with this, and finally solved it on my end.
I configured a TP-Link WiFi 6 router and 10+ devices at home.
Only iOS/iPadOS 14 devices experienced slow WiFi, other devices like Windows, Mac and Android had no issues.
I followed all the recommendation from the internet - Reset network settings, configure DNS, disable location service of WiFi, reset iPhone, and etc. Only re-writing the OS solved the issue temporarily.
I talked to the Apple Support representative. The person also recommended to talk to the TP-Link support.
But I doubt the problem is more likely on the iOS 14?
I spent some time on reviewing the home router configuration before I call the TP-Link support.
I switched off the Smart Connect which is allowing the same SSID name for both 2.4G and 5G bands.
I gave another name to the 5G band, tried from each band but no luck.
Also, no change with disabling/enabling OFDMA and MIMO.
For my case, disabling Airtime Fairness (ATF) from the router did the trick.
Now these problematic iOS/iPadOS 14 devices WiFi performance is as good as other devices.