iPhone Stolen. Phishing emails and SMS.

A couple weeks ago i got my iphone stolen. In Find My iPhone, i put it in "Lost Mode".

Today I received a phone call from (supposedly) Apple for a verification code.

I fell into a phishing SMS and entered my log in username & password.

Immediately realized it was a phishing email, and changed my Apple ID password and signed out of devices for security reasons.

My question is if my old stolen iPhone is still protected by Apple ID? Or since I "logged out of devices" it is not protected anymore?

Please heeeeelp