Hey again!
In that case, can you create a new network location, (Make sure to hit Apply)? Then test?
How to use network locations:
https://support.apple.com/en-us/HT202480
This step just takes a minute and worth a try.
And, although I know your network is working fine with all other devices, which would seem to indicate a Mac issue, trust me, I’ve seen this step fix your problem many times, this should force the modem/router to re-connect to your Mac properly:
Disconnect your modem/router from power for a minute or two, re-connect it, wait for internet to establish itself again, and test again, or restart and test.
If that does fail:
I’m thinking a corrupt/old Keychain entry related to your network, testing in a new admin account, and it working just fine, may lend credence to this theory, (If you do this, I’d skip the Apple ID sign in, as to make sure the local Keychain is the only player on the field and not iCloud Keychain, but if it works fine, can then sign into iCloud and enable keychain and test). If it works fine, it’s probably the user keychain.
You can find Keychain Access, (If you haven’t been there before), in Finder > Go > Utilities.
I, personally, if the new network location didn’t resolve it, considering it DOES connect in the first place, I’d search Keychain Access for:
Airport
Network Name
ISP Name
Computer Name (As found in System Preferences > Sharing), if there.
And delete all entries, then Restart, of course you’d have to re-enter any network related passwords again, typically just once.