Not clear on what you means by "is no state". By submitting an item for repair you agreed to the T&C. Either there is a law in which case you can apply to Apple as indicated in the document, or your state/county/city doesn't have a law and you agreed to surrender the battery as part of the repair process.
Does Apple have to proactively present the part repair option at the time of submitting to repair, or do you have to be proactive at time of submitting and say that per applicable law you want the part returned? Since the T&C say Apple keeps parts because they are generally repairable it may be that is the default procedure and you have to be aware and act upon your local laws if you want a part returned. For car repairs in my state the AG office says, "Before the shop actually begins repairs, you have the right to ask for and receive replaced parts, unless those parts are under warranty or other restrictions. In that case, they must be returned by the shop to the manufacturer, distributor, or other person. You may pay an additional
charge for retrieving parts because the shop usually can sell them. However, if you are not allowed to keep the old parts you will have an opportunity to examine them for up to five business days after the repair." However, that's only for car parts, nor does it specify they have to offer the parts. I have on a very few occasions been able to have a shop accept my parts for use in repair (mostly because the shop could not find them for my model car) but I needed to make clear in advance that I needed the old part returned for me because so I could get my core deposit returned to me from the shop that could supply the part. I had to be proactive in making this known because the standard procedure is for the repair shop to keep the old part.