ICloud is syncing storage, not off-site storage. If you delete a file from your Apple hardware it deletes it from iCloud and on any other device using your Apple ID. Likewise if you add a file to a folder using iCloud Drive it copies the file to iCloud and then to all devices using your Apple ID and signed into iCloud. Google Drive is more like a hard drive.
iCloud Drive FAQ -" iCloud Drive lets you securely access all of your documents from your iPhone, iPad, iPod touch, Mac, and Windows PC."
https://support.apple.com/HT201104
"If you need to access a file that you deleted within the last 30 days, you can get it back from the Recently Deleted folder in the Files app, or on iCloud.com. After 30 days, your files are removed from Recently Deleted." --> iCloud Drive FAQ > How do I get back files that I deleted?
Click here --> https://support.apple.com/HT201104#recentlydeleted