Hacking

So when browsing the internet I clicked on a website and it redirected to a website and then something popped up and said my phone has bee compromised and I needed to click on this link to install an app to protect me from it. So I clicked on the link and installed the app, it “scanned” my phone but I soon deleted it. Is there anyway to see if my phone has been hacked and if it has if I buy a new phone will the hacked be able to hack that one as well?