I have spent a lot of time with Apple and third parties on this issue. I was all Apple with no third party involved so no foreign SSD drives or any non Apple equipment. Unfortunately, 4 Apple Genius appointments yielded nothing but Apple managing to upgrade Monterey to the next minor version and the slow problem persisted.
I hesitated to even post again as I’ll be told that I’m wrong, it’s my fault and that I use non Apple products, have buggy antivirus and background cleanup processes and on and on… none of which is the case. But I will tell you what I did.
I decided that I was going back to Catalina. My older Mac Mini was so slow that it was completely useless and my newer Mac Mini was super slow but functioning. In addition, the new Finder interface was so unintuitive that I don’t really even consider it to be usable. Apple would not help with a downgrade, so I decided that it was my project. I decided to attack the project from the worst problem onward, while leaving super slow Monterey running 24 hours a day on a UPS.
The worst problem was that I had virtually no way to get my work done, and almost all of my data was locked in Apple only proprietary encrypted file systems… a big mistake. I did have a Synology so after my final failed Genius appointment I drove directly to Best Buy, purchased a Samsung Galaxy Windows laptop and spent the following 2 months migrating Mac data which had been saved to the Synology to non-Apple external drives with exFAT.
Now having a fully functional Windows laptop with data in industry standard formats I was free to allow non-Apple people to operate on my macs. I had ordered two Crucial 2TB SSD drives, networked around my area starting with some Apple people & found a place that could install them. They installed El Capitan and a Unix Admin friend gave me a trusted link to a Catalina DMG. I learned that restoration from Time Machine was worthless as it created extra accounts and other problems. Had to wipe the drive and start again, and I was charged for that.
After a full month of reinstalling everything I finally had a functional late 2012 Mac Mini running Catalina blazing fast. Now I was ready to attack the 2014 Mac Mini. This time I preserved the fusion drive as it had a super slow, but functioning, Monterey. I’m probably just going to drill it and toss it. Again started with El Capitan and used the Catalina DMG. This time setup was much faster… two weeks, because I had installed tools such as Chronosync and could move massive amounts of data much faster and more reliably.
I now have two screaming fast Intel Mac Minis running Catalina, which was Apple’s last solid macOS release. I will never again allow them to “upgrade” and my Apple world is in containment. I am actively rethinking all of my vendor dependencies and will never again depend upon my Apple devices and will actively avoid any Apple drive formats and in particular Apple Encryption. Apple made it easy to do a lot, but made it very hard to recover from their mistakes.